Silencer for gas-engines, &amp;c.



APPLICATION YILED MAY 6, 191

Patented Oct. 20, 191i l/{VENTOR A 770mm .interloclring parts.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Hiram PERCY MAXIM, or HARTFORD, CONNE/CTIQUT, nssIGNoR 'ro THE MAnIM sIL NcER COMPANY, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, aconronii'rlon or CON- I NECTICUT.

SILENCER FOR oas nncmus'w.

Specification c aim; may fpat nt 0 1; 2'0, 1 14 Application filed May 6, 1914. Serial N 1 85am, i

To all whom a may concern: Y

Be it known that I,H1'RAM PERCY MAXIM, a citizenof the United States, residing at Hart-ford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have made a certain new and useful Invention Relating to Silencers for Gas-Engines, &c., of which the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which forms part of the. same. p

This invention relates especially to silenc ers for gas enginesu'sed niotor boatpi other marine work and may comprise a :bolt: ed sectional casing of cast iron or tlr eiIike, each section having asubstantially'cylindrical casing body and an integral end 0i" diaphragm which may be provided with a substantiallycentral fluid aperture. -A se-' ries of interchangeable cast iron diaphragms havingvintegral spiral guidesma-y be fitted within the casing to form a seriesof silence ing whirl chambers preferably of greater capacity adjacent the inlet endv of the silencer. The alternate intermediate -dia phragms are preferably provided with alter- V formed'within, the casing by fitting therein nating central and fnarrow peripheralapertures next to the easing to form liquid throttling apertures for the exhaust gases to promote the cooling,"and noisesilencing action. I I

In the accompanying drawin which shows in a somewhat diagrammatic way an illustrative embodiment 'ofthis' invention, 1 Figure lis a longitudinal section taken sub stantially along the'line 1'Iof Fig 2. Fig. 2 is'a transxerse' section taken' substantially along the line 2 2 of FlgI-1.f"'FigL3 isasimilar section along the; line -33of Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a detailelemtion showing several of the intermediate diaphragms and The silencercasing may be convenientlymade in a seriesipf sections of. suitable nia.-'

V terial Sill/l1: as cast-iron which- .is desirable 15 f for use in gas;:en gine silencers for: motor boat or other marine work because oftherel atively slight; rusting action of salt water thereon. The casing sections maybe formed with substantially cylindrical casing bodies such as 2, withwhich the casing endorrdiaphragm zl may be cast integral if'w-desired I and also-formed with a substantially; cen- 1 tral fluid aperture suph 'as the; ti- 3 to? con velnient -connection I with t e f'g'as' giiie e'xhau'st- Ifdesired also a separate inlet 43 may be provided at any convenient point for the separate admission of cooling liquid, although this is not of course neces sary in all cases. Thefiasing sections may be fastened togetherby any suitable means, such as'the fasteningfbo'lts 5 and cooperating nuts 7, w l 'ichcmay passthrough suitable fasteninglugs, such as 4,5, the-casing bodiesl Which" may; thus be 4 forms for convenient casting'in' green sand without the use of; cored work. lVhere as in the V illustrated formoifly-two casing sections, are employed the casin body 27 may have cast integral therewith if desired the casing end 8in which asuitable fluid aperture, such as the gas and water outlet 9, may be arranged. In 'tl ii sw way a strong and effective silencer casin'g they becheaplyv provided which ca be.;readily variedin -length and internal capacityfi by substituting:- different lengthed sections to the extent desired. or

by interposing suitable open cylindrical e5:-

tension sections in an obvious manners A series of silencer chambers maybe 'a series of interchangeable" ,diaphragms which' may-withfadvantage be formed offcctively take care of the greater volume of gas because of its greater heat atthe time of, admission. It is also of advantage to have the alternate diaphragins provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures which ma withadvantage be formed next the casing soas'to provide liquid throttling apertures for the exhaust ases to enable the cooling-liquid to have the 1 esired efi'ective; cooling 1 and sound, throttling action as, the gases .pass through these relatively narrow slot-sor-aperturesu I 'i-Tlie diaphragm 1% for the initial chamber 12 may be formed with the integralsubstantially cylindro-spiral guide 11 extending therefrom into substantial contact with the end diaphragm 1 of. the casing so that the these guides preferably extending in the same direction from the diaphragms substantially around the axis of the casing and diaphragm, although they may of course have greater or less angular extent in some cases. The diaphragm 24 is shown as formed with the similar spiral guide 3i thereon and the final diaphragm 19 is shown as having the spiral guide 31 formed thereon in generally similar way as is indicated in greater detail in Fig. 3. The alternate intermediate diaphragms may be provided with alternating central apertures, such as 17, 20 and narrow peri heral apertures, suchas 22, which as in icated in Fig. 2

may be of substantially equal width throughout, the circumference of the dia-' phragm and extend between suitable alin-- ing lugs 15 arranged at intervals to ensirable throttling noise silencing action in connection with the ,cooling liquid employed which is carried around by the gases so as to act as a liquid curtain or shutter momentarily closing one or more of these apertures which are in series so as to greatly promote the silencing of the noise of the exhaust. These diaphragins and guides may be convenientlyheld in alinement by suitable interlocking parts, such as the slot. 23, with which the interlocking lug 28 on the adjacent member may cooperate as seen in Fig. 2 so as to prevent accidental displacement or angular movement of these parts.

In the use of this silencer on a gas engine the exhaust gases which are admitted to the silencer casing through the gas inlet 3 pass into the central portion-or compare.

men; of the initial chamber 12 and are given a spiral movement as they are guided outward in'the direction of the arrows in Fig. 2 -so as'to whirl around this initial chamber outside of the spiral guide. -Thesimultaneously admitted cooling water or other liquid which jmay be fed into the initial through the water inlet 43 or which is previously present therein is swept around the chamber by the strong .wave therethrough so as to have an important silencing action especially where the sound must pass successively through aseries of these liquid throttled apertures.

The exhaust gases after passing intothe second chamber 25 circulate around it as indicated by the arrows because of the spiral guide located therein and finally pass from the compartment 29 of this chamber through the central aperture 17 inthe diaphragm 18 so as to enter the central compartment 30 of the third chamber 26. The gases are there given a similar whirling motion by the spi ral guide 34 preferably also having its outer edge 32 adjacent but somewhat removed from the interior of the casing so as to form a similar whirl chamber outside the guide. The gases which have by this time been considerably reduced in temperature and in volume then pass through the narr( y peripheral apertures in the diaphragm 2% so as to enter the fourth chamber 2-7 which in this instance 'is the last one used, although it is of course understoodrthat a greater or less number of chambers may be employed, some three to six or seven giving good results with most small gas engines and providing ample capacity in each of the chambers which seems desirable in order to give more effective silencing action. The gases are guided as indicated by the arrows around the spiral guide 31 in this chamber so as to issue from the central aperture 20 communicating with the exhaust aperture or connection 9 in the casing. through which the entrained water may also be discharged if desired. The sharp impulses in the original engine exhaust have in this way been very largely smoothed and evened out and the volume of gases is also considerably reduced by the cooling action of the circulating water or other cooling liquid and also by the contact of the gases and liquid with the silencer casing throughoutsubstantially all parts of its length which considerably promotes the dissipation of heat. The gases thus issue at such pressure and in such condition as to be free from objectionable noise on issuing from the silencer and the sound waves which constitute the objectionable noise of the original gas engine exhaust have been substantially dissipated or eliminated by the action of the series of whirl chambers and water throttled apertures interposed in the course of the gases within the silencer.

This LHVGDtlOQ lIuS been described in conneet-iou' withtai number of illustrative embodiments, I forms, proportions materials,

constructions,'number s and arrangements of parts, 'to the details of-gwhich disclosure-the invention is notof course to be. limited, since what isicl'aimed-as' new and what is'desired to be secured by in the appended claims.

tters Patent is setforth '-I claim h 1 1. Thesileneer adaptedfor use with gas engines and the like, comprising a bolted;

ing

sectional castii'on casing, each section havand an integral end diaphragm .provid -with a-substantially central fluid aperture, a

series of interchangeable cast iron diaphragms having integral .cy'lindro-spiral guides extending the same direction therefrom .and fitted insei'ieswithin said casing to form .a

series-ofsilencing chambers of greater capac ityadjacent the inlet end ;ofthe casing, said spiral guides I- each extending substantially around the casing-axis and terminating a considerabledistance-inside sa d cas ng to proyidewhirl chambers outside said guides,

- slots andprojections on saiddiaphraguis and theal ternate -intermediate' diaphragms being provided with alternating central and nar-- row-' peripheral apertures v-ne'xt to the casing to form liquid throttling apertures for the "exhaust gases, there being 'alining lugs on said diaphragms which the-peripheral apertures are provided ;and interlocln'ng guides to n'mintain angular alin'einent between them. r A

2."The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a sectional cast iron casing each section having a sub stantially cylindrical casing body and an integral end diaphragm provided 'with a substantially central fluid aperture, a series of interchangeable cast iron diaphrag'ms having integral cylindro spiral guides extending in the same directiontherefrom and fitted in series within said casing to form a series 'of silencing chambers of greater capacity adjacent the; inlet end of the casing, said spiral guides terminating a considerable distance inside said casing to provide whirl chambers outs'idesaid guides, the alternate diaphragms being provided with alternating central-and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to form liquid throttling apertures for the exhaust gases, there being. alinengines audvthe like. comprising a sectional;

ing lugs .on said diaphragms in which the peripheral apertures are pifl f dfldul 3. The, silencer adapted foex'u'sewith gas cast iron casing, each section having a substantially cylindrical casing body and an integral end diaphragm, a series of interchangeeblccast iron diaphragms having infsubstantially cylindrical casing body- 'tegral. cylindro-spiral guides fitted in series within said casing to form a series of silencing chambers of greater capacity ad acent the inlet end of the casin said spira'Pguides' terminating a consider'a le distance ns de said casu g to provide whirl chambers out;

side said guides, thealternate diapliragms' being provided with alternatingicntral and narrowperipheral apertures nextlto tliecasf ing to form-liquid throttling apertures for the exhaust gases, -V

provide whirl chambers outside said guides,

the alternate diaphragms being provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to, form liquid .thiottling apertures. for the exhaust gases, there being 'alining lugson said'dia phragms in which theiperipheralapertures are provided and interlocking slots and pro- -'inaintain angularalinement hetweentheni.

Thesilencer adapted for use withgas engines and the like, comprising a sectional cylindrical cast ironcasing, a series of interchangeable cast irondiaphragms havin casing to form a series ofvsilencing chambers'of greater capacity adjacent the inlet -jections on said diaphragms and guidesto spiralguides and fitted in series within sai end of the casing, said spiral-jguides-each extending at least substantially around the casing axisand terminating a considerable distance inside said cusin to provide whirl chambers outside said guides, the alternate diaphraguis being'provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to form ili throttling and interapertures for the exhaust locking slots and projections on said diaphragms and guides to maintain angular alinenient between them.

6. The silenceradapted -for use'with gas engines and the like, comprising a sectional cylindrical casing, a series of interchange-- able diaphragins having spirai guides and fitted in series within'said casing to form a series of silencing chambers of greater capacity adjacent the inlet end of the casing, said spiral guides each extending at least substantially around the casing axis, the alternate diaphragins being provided with,

alternating central and narrow peri heralz;

apertures next to the casingto form quid throttling apertures for the exhaust gases:

7. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a casing, a series of interchangeable diaphragmshaw ing spiral guides and fitted in series within saidcasing to form a series of silencing chambers, the alternate diaphragms being provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to form liquid throttling apertures for the exhaust gases.

8. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a substantially cylindrical casing, a series of interchangeable diaphra'gms having integral curved guides extending in the same direction therefrom and fitted in series within said casing to form a series of. silencing chambers of greater capacity adjacent the inlet end of the casing, said guides each extending substantially around the casing axis and terminating a considerable distance inside said casing to provide whirl chambers outside said guides, the diaphragms being provided with alternating'central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to form liquid throttling apertures for the exhaust gases.

9. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a casing, a series of diaphragms having curved guides extending in the same direction therefrom and fitted in series within said casing to form aseries of silencing chambers,-said guides terminating ,a considerable distance inside said casing to provide whirl chambers outside saidguides, the diaphragms being provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the cas ing to form throttling apertures for the exhaust. gases.

10. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a casing, a series of diaphragms having curved guides fitted in series within said casing to form a series of silencing chambers, said guides ter minating a considerable distance inside said casing to provide whirl chambers outside said guides, the diaphragms being provided with central and narrow peripheral apertures to form throttling apertures for the exhaust gases.

11. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a sectional casi- 1:on casing each section having a substantially cylindrical casing body and an integral end diaphragm, a series of interchangeable cast iron diaphragms having integral cylindro-spiral guides extending in ihe same dirciion therefrom and fitted in series within s'd casing to form a series of silencing chambers of greater capacity adjacent the inlet end of the casing, said spiral guides each extending substantially around ti." casing axis and terminating a considerable distance inside said casing-to provide whirl chambers outside said guides, the alternate intermediate diaphragms being provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to form liquid throttling silencing apertures for the exhaust gases.

12. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and thelike, comprising a sectional cast iron casing each section having a substantially cylindrical casing body and an integral end diaphragm, a series of interchangeable cast iron diaphragms having spiral guides extending in the same direction therefrom and fitted in series within said casing to form a series of silencing chambers of greater capacity adjacent the inlet end of the casing, the alternate intermediate diaphragms being provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing to form'liquid throttling silencingapertures for the exhaust gases I 13. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising-a sectional cast iron casing each section having a substantially cylindrical casing bod and an end diaphragm, a series of interc angeable cast iron diaphragrnsha'ving spiral guides extending in the same direction therefrom and fitted in series within said casing to forrira series of silencing chambers, the alternate diaphra s being provided with alternating centraflnd narrow eripheral apertures next to the casing to orm silencing apertures for the exhaust ases.-

14. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a'sectional casing each section having a substantially cylindrical casing body and an end diaphragm, a series of interchangeable diaphragms having spiral guidesextending in the same direction therefrom and fitted in series within said casing to form a series of silencing chambers, the alternate phragms being provided with alternating central and peripheral apertures next to the casing t( j0lm silencing apertures for the exhaust gases.

15. The silencer adapted for use withgas engines and the like, comprising asubstantially cylindrical sectional cast iron casing, provided with a substantially central fluid aperture, a series of interchangeable substantially flat cast iron diaphragms'having integral cylindro-spiral guides extending in the same direction therefrom and fitted in series within said casing to form a, series of silencing chambers of greater capacity adjacent' the inlet end of the casing, the alternate intermediate diaphragms being provided with alternating central and narrow peripheral apertures next to the casing'to' fonn silencing apertures. 16. The silencer adapted for use with gas engines and the like, comprising a substan-' dia- 'phragms having spiral guides extending in series within said-casing to form aseries of tially cylindrical casing provided with a central and narrow peripheral apertures substantially central fluid aperture, a series next to the casing to form silencing apex-- of interchangeable substantially flat diatures.

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM1 Witnesses FRANK (K Nrcnons, CEciL P. RAUB.

the same direction therefrom and fitted in silencing chambers,- the alternate diaphragms being provided with alternating copies at this. patent m; be obtained (or five centl each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0. 

